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  "dataset": "The Calibrated Authority Index",
  "version": "2026-07-31",
  "creator": "Chris Huber Reitz",
  "license": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "id": "us-copyright-office",
  "name": "U.S. Copyright Office",
  "segment": "regulator",
  "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/ai/ai_policy_guidance.pdf",
  "scores": {
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    "D2": 2,
    "D3": 2,
    "D4": 1,
    "D5": 0,
    "D6": 1
  },
  "ca": 7,
  "posture": "Balanced",
  "c2_fit": "contradicts",
  "c3": "Neither",
  "twilight": false,
  "coded_date": "2026-07-26",
  "last_changed": null,
  "revision": 0,
  "quote": "Most fundamentally, the term “author,” which is used in both the Constitution and the Copyright Act, excludes non-humans.",
  "quote_label": "Copyright Registration Guidance: Works Containing Material Generated by Artificial Intelligence (88 Fed. Reg. 16190, Mar. 16, 2023), p.1",
  "provenance": {
    "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/ai/ai_policy_guidance.pdf",
    "verify_status": "primary-live-2026-07-26",
    "note": "Disconfirming case retained. Reserves authorship for humans by constitutional and statutory doctrine — a machine cannot be an author — NOT by verification cost. Verification appears only as a secondary, technology-contingent consideration. Drained from tranche-1-staged-2026-06-23; quote re-fetched live 2026-07-26 and confirmed verbatim. Record URL corrected from the Part 2 Copyrightability Report to the Registration Guidance the quote actually comes from."
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  "jsonld": {
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    "url": "https://calibrated-authority.chrishuberreitz.com/institutions/us-copyright-office",
    "name": "Calibrated Authority rating — U.S. Copyright Office",
    "datePublished": "2026-07-26",
    "itemReviewed": {
      "@type": "CreativeWork",
      "name": "U.S. Copyright Office — public generative-AI policy",
      "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/ai/ai_policy_guidance.pdf",
      "text": "Most fundamentally, the term “author,” which is used in both the Constitution and the Copyright Act, excludes non-humans.",
      "abstract": "Most fundamentally, the term “author,” which is used in both the Constitution and the Copyright Act, excludes non-humans.",
      "alternateName": "Copyright Registration Guidance: Works Containing Material Generated by Artificial Intelligence (88 Fed. Reg. 16190, Mar. 16, 2023), p.1"
    },
    "reviewRating": {
      "@type": "Rating",
      "ratingValue": 7,
      "bestRating": 12,
      "worstRating": 0,
      "ratingExplanation": "Composite Calibrated Authority score (sum of six 0-2 dimensions). Breakdown — D1 Traceability & inspectability: 1; D2 Human authorship & accountability: 2; D3 Disclosure & labeling: 2; D4 Synthetic-identity / fabrication prohibition: 1; D5 Human validation in loop: 0; D6 Evidential-trust emphasis: 1. Posture: Balanced. Verification-boundary fit: contradicts. Trust-logic: Neither."
    },
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      "name": "Chris Huber Reitz",
      "url": "https://chrishuberreitz.com",
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    "publisher": {
      "@type": "Person",
      "name": "Chris Huber Reitz",
      "url": "https://chrishuberreitz.com"
    },
    "isPartOf": {
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      "name": "The Calibrated Authority Index",
      "url": "https://calibrated-authority.chrishuberreitz.com",
      "version": "2026-07-31",
      "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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    "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
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