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  "creator": "Chris Huber Reitz",
  "license": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "id": "naic",
  "name": "NAIC — Model Bulletin on the Use of Artificial Intelligence Systems by Insurers",
  "segment": "insurance-regulator",
  "url": "https://content.naic.org/sites/default/files/inline-files/2023-12-4%20Model%20Bulletin_Adopted_0.pdf",
  "scores": {
    "D1": 2,
    "D2": 2,
    "D3": 2,
    "D4": 1,
    "D5": 1,
    "D6": 2
  },
  "ca": 10,
  "posture": "Enabling",
  "c2_fit": "contradicts",
  "c3": "Evidential",
  "twilight": false,
  "coded_date": "2026-08-16",
  "last_changed": null,
  "revision": 0,
  "quote": "Compliance with these standards is required regardless of the tools and methods Insurers use to make such decisions.",
  "quote_label": "NAIC Model Bulletin: Use of Artificial Intelligence Systems by Insurers, §3 (adopted by Executive (EX) Committee and Plenary, 4 December 2023)",
  "provenance": {
    "url": "https://content.naic.org/sites/default/files/inline-files/2023-12-4%20Model%20Bulletin_Adopted_0.pdf",
    "verify_status": "primary-live-2026-08-16",
    "note": "Disconfirmation probe that paid out, replicating the CFPB result in an adjacent industry. Human involvement is a risk-calibration factor, not a requirement: §3 directs that controls be \"commensurate with\" the insurer's own risk assessment \"considering: ... (iii) the extent to which humans are involved in the final decision-making process.\" No provision reserves any decision for a human anywhere across underwriting, rating, claims or fraud detection — the basis for D5=1 and c2_fit=contradicts. D4=1 rests on the binding accuracy standard (decisions must not be \"inaccurate, arbitrary, capricious, or unfairly discriminatory\"), not on any fabrication or synthetic-identity rule, which the bulletin lacks despite defining Generative AI. twilight=false: the bulletin asserts precedent CONTINUITY, insisting existing law applies unchanged."
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      "text": "Compliance with these standards is required regardless of the tools and methods Insurers use to make such decisions.",
      "abstract": "Compliance with these standards is required regardless of the tools and methods Insurers use to make such decisions.",
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      "@type": "Rating",
      "ratingValue": 10,
      "bestRating": 12,
      "worstRating": 0,
      "ratingExplanation": "Composite Calibrated Authority score (sum of six 0-2 dimensions). Breakdown — D1 Traceability & inspectability: 2; D2 Human authorship & accountability: 2; D3 Disclosure & labeling: 2; D4 Synthetic-identity / fabrication prohibition: 1; D5 Human validation in loop: 1; D6 Evidential-trust emphasis: 2. Posture: Enabling. Verification-boundary fit: contradicts. Trust-logic: Evidential."
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